Lists the numerals in Amashi, the language of the Abashi (Kivu, Congo /
Zaire) and discusses grammatical aspects.
H. Burssens, Arithmétique, in: Les peuplades de l’Entre Congo-Ubangi
(Ngbandi, Ngbaka, Mbandja, Ngombe et Gens d’Eau), International African
Institute, London, 1958, 171-172
Presents brief information on the numeration systems among the Ngbandi,
Ngbaka [7=6+1; 9=5+4], Mbandja [7=6+1; 9=8+1] and Ngombe (Congo /
Zaire)
L. Bynon-Polak, L’expression des ordinaux dans les langues bantoues
[The expression of ordinal numbers in the Bantu languages], Africana
Linguistica II, Annales du Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Sciences
Humaines, Tervuren (Belgium), 1967, #55, 127-160
Comparative linguistic study of the construction of the words for ordinal
numbers in Bantu languages. Includes maps on the geographical
distribution of the four basic methods of construction analysed by the
author.
Jean-Pierre Caprile, Adoum Khamis & Ndjerassem Ngabot : Pour une
terminologie de l’enseignement du calcul dans les langues
africaines : la structure d’expression des nombres et des techniques
opératoires dans deux langues “sara” du sud du Tchad, le
“ngambay” et le “mango” [Towards a terminology for the teaching of
arithmetic in African languages], Bulletin de l’AELIA (Association d’études
linguistiques interculturelles africaines), 1983, 6, 273-287
Discusses the expressions used for numbers and operations in two “sara”
languages from Chad : “ngambay” and “mango”.
Jean-Pierre Caprile : Numérations orales et enseignement des
mathématiques en Afrique [Oral numeration and the teaching of
mathematics in Africa], LENGAS, revue de sociolinguistique, Montpellier
(France), 1987, no. 21, 143-162
Paper presented at a session organised by the African Bureau of
Educational Sciences in Kisangani (Congo / Zaire) in December 1984. It
gives some information on systems of numeration in Africa (Sara-ngambay
in Chad; Birom in Nigeria; Banda in Central-Africa) and outside Africa.
Chantal Collard, Les “noms-numéros” chez les Guidar [The “names-
numbers” among the Guidar], L’Homme, revue française d’anthropologie,
1973, Vol. XIII(3), 45-59
Analyses the way the Guidar in North-Cameroon give names to their
children. The first name indicates the order in which the mother gave
birth (and also the sex in the case of the first four children); the second
name is the name-number of the father of the child. E.g. the first of an
individual called Tizi Dawaï expresses that he is a boy and the first child of
his mother; his surname indicates that his father is the seventh child of his
respective mother.
Sylvie Fainzang, Les sexes et leur nombres - Sens et fonction du 3 et
du 4 dans une societé burkinabé [The sexes and their numbers. The
meaning and function of 3 and 4 in a Burkinabe society], L’Homme, revue
française d’anthropologie, 1985, Vol. 96, 97-109
“The author analyzes in sociological terms the widespread West-African
tendency to associate the numbers 3 and 4 with man and woman
respectively, practice usually attributed to certain aspects of male and
female anatomy. An analysis of Bisa society (Burkina Faso) shows how
the meaning and function of this symbolism are directly related to
representations of the person on the one hand, and to social space as
defined by residence rules on the other. The author suggests that the
discourse implied by this symbolism serves to found social relations
between the sexes and to legitimate male domination”. (109)
Solange de Ganay, Graphie bambara des nombres [Bambara graphical
representation of numbers], Journal de la société des africanistes, 1950, 20(2) :
295-305
Describes and displays graphical signs used by Bambara (Mali) to
represent numbers.
P. Garnier, Les noms de nombre en bambara [The number words in
Bambara], Notes africaines, 1954, 62, p. 50
Short comment on the words in Bambara (Mali) for 7, 9 (related to the
duration of a pregnancy), 20 (related to the word for human being), and
40 (related to the word for mat). As 7 is a secret number, the author does
not know an expression for it other than the indirect ‘wuoron-fla’, that is,
the ‘second six’.
Carlos Gonzalez Echegaray, Los sistemas de numeración y los
numerales en los pueblos de la Guinea Española [The number systems
and numerals among the peoples of Spanish Guinea (Equatorial Guinea)],
Archivos del Instituto de Estudios Africanos, IV, 12, 1950, 19-29
Describes counting methods using fingers, knots, pebbles, etc., and number
words (mostly decimal, some with auxiliary base five).
Marcel Griaule, Numération secrète [Secret numeration], in: Jeux Dogon,
Institut d’Ethnologie, Paris, 1938, p. 222
In his book on children’s games of the Dogon in Mali, Griaule presents
two examples of a secret numeration (one to ten) used (and invented ?) by
the children of the Pamyon and Guinna neighborhoods and often not
understood by children from other neighbourhoods.
Karl Laman, Arithmetic, in: The Kongo, Upsala: Studia Ethnographica
Upsaliensia, Vol. IV, 1968, 8-9
Describes briefly counting and measuring among the Sundi. Accounts are
kept by means of stones, palm nuts, knots, tally sticks, etc. In games the
score may be kept by putting aside certain objects, by tying knots in a
string, or by chanting a jingle (examples are given).
Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, La numération chez les Bergdama, Africa, Journal
of the International Institute of African Languages and Cultures, 1929, Vol. II,
No. 2, 162-173
Compares aspects of (finger) counting of the Bergdama (Berg Damara) of
South Africa and Namibia with the (verbal) counting of their neighbours,
the Nama.
Guy Nicolas, Un système numérique symbolique : le quatre, le trois
et le sept dans la cosmologie d’une société hausa (vallée de Maradi)
[A symbolic numerical system : four, three and seven in the cosmology of a
Hausa society (Maradi valley)], Cahiers d’études africaines, Paris, 1968,
VIII(3), 566-616
The numbers four (hudu), three (uku) and seven (bakwai) play an
important role in ritual, economic and social life among the Hausa in the
Maradi valley (Niger). This role is described, analysed and discussed.
H. Sawyer & S. K. Todd, The significance of the numbers 3 and 4
among the Mende of Sierra Leone, Sierra Leone Studies : A Journal of
the Arts and Sciences, 1970, 26, 29-36
Discusses “the significance and incidence of the use of the figure three to
symbolise female activity, and of the figure four to symbolise male
participation among the Mende” (p. 30).
Leo Stappers, Het hoofdtelwoord in de Bantoe-talen [The cardinal
number in the Bantu languages], Africana Linguistica II, Annales du Musée
Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Sciences Humaines, Tervuren (Belgium), 1967,
#55, 175-198
Compares the prefixes used in the Bantu languages in connection with the
cardinal numbers one to five. The paper analyses also ‘abstract’ counting
(i.e. without reference to the objects), and ‘distributive’ (‘two by two’, ...)
and ‘multiplicative’ use of cardinals in the Bantu languages. Maps with
information on the geographical distribution are included.
Placidus Tempels, De tel-gebaren der Bashila [The number-gestures of the
Bashila], Congo-Overzee, 1938, IV. 2, 49-53
Describes the number-gestures among the (Ba)Shila in Congo / Zaire.
There are two series, one for counting from 1 to 10, and one for
indicating individually numbers (cardinal numbers).
Toussaint-Yaovi Tchitchi: Numérations traditionnelles et aritmétique
moderne, in: Hountondji, Paulin (Ed.), Les savoirs endogènes: pistes pour
une recherche, CODESRIA, Dakar (Senegal), 1994, 109-138
Discusses traditional numeration in “àjá” (Benin) and possibilities of and
experimentation with a decimalisation
(to be continued)
5. HAVE YOU READ?
5.1 On the History of Mathematics in Africa
#278 Høyrup, Jens : Hero, Ps.-Hero, and Near Eastern practical
geometry. An investigation of Metrica, Geometrica, and
other treatises, Antike Naturwissenschaft und ihre Rezeption, Trier
(Germany), Vol. 7, 1997, 67-93 [a pre-print was published by Roskilde
University Centre - Section for Philosophy and Science Studies,
Roskilde (Denmark) in 1996]
The author intends to “firstly, that Hero’s geometry depends to a
greater extent than usually assumed on Near Eastern practical
geometry or its descendant traditions in the classical world, and that
the conventional image [of Hero] as the transformer of theoretical
into applied mathematics is only a half-truth; secondly, that much of
what is shared by Hero’s Metrica and the pseudo-Heronian
collections assembled by Heiberg as Geometrica are shared
borrowings from the same tradition... ” (p. 67).
5.2 Publications on the History of Mathematics, Ethnomathematics
and Mathematics Education
#279 Gerdes, Paulus: Geometry from Africa : Mathematical and
educational explorations, The Mathematical Association of America
[Classroom Resource Materials Series], Washington DC, 1999, xii +
210 pp. [Foreword by Arthur B. Powell] (ISBN 0-88385-715-4)
Presents geometrical ideas from Africa south of the Sahara, with
suggestions how they can be explored both mathematically and in
mathematics education (secondary school, teacher education,
university). The book is organised in the following parts:
Preface (Geometrical and educational explorations inspired by
African cultural activities); Part 1: On geometrical ideas in Africa
south of the Sahara [overview, pp.2-53]; Part 2: From African
designs to discovering the Pythagorean Theorem [pp.54-87]; Part 3:
Geometrical ideas in crafts and possibilities for their educational
exploration [Explores ideas from house building, wall decoration,
mat and basket weaving, pp.88-155]; Part 4: The ‘sona’ sand drawing
tradition and possibilities for its educational use [pp.156-204].
#280 Gerdes, Paulus: On some Geometrical and Architectural Ideas
from African Art and Craft, in: Kim Williams (Ed.), Nexus II:
Architecture and Mathematics, Editora Dell’Erba, Fucecchio (Italy),
1998, 75-86 (cf. # 272)
Presents some examples of geometrical ideas in traditional African
building, as well as some further suggestions for architectural shapes
inspired by African art and craft.
#281 Houndonougbo, Victor: Processus stochastique du Fâ: une
approche mathématique de la géomancie des côtes du Bénin,
in: Hountondji, Paulin (Ed.), Les savoirs endogènes: pistes pour une
recherche, CODESRIA, Dakar (Senegal), 1994, 139-157
Analyses Fâ divination practices in the coastal zones of Benin from a
mathematical point of view (theory of probability).
#282 Olivier, Alwyn & Karen Newstead (Eds.), Proceedings of the 22nd
Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of
Mathematics Education, Cape Town (South Africa), 1998, 4
volumes.
The proceedings contain the following contributions and abstracts
which may interest the readers of the AMUCHMA-Newsletter :
* Draisma, Jan (Mozambique): On verbal addition and subtraction
in Mozambican Bantu languages, Vol. 2, 272-279;
* Mosimege, Mogege David (South Africa): Culture, games and
mathematics education : An exploration based on string figures,
Vol. 3, 279-286;
* Mogari, David (South Africa) : Some geometrical constructs and
pupil’s construction of miniature wire toy cars, Vol. 4, 284;
* Soares, Daniel (Mozambique) : On the geometry involved in the
building of traditional houses with rectangular base in
Mozambique, Vol. 4, 307;
* Mucavele, João (Mozambique): The mathakuzana game as a
didactical resource for the development of number sense and oral
arithmetic.
#283 Zaslavsky, Claudia, Africa Counts : Number and Pattern in
African Cultures, Third edition, Lawrence Hill, 1999, 368 pp.
[ISBN 1-55652-350-5]
Reprint of Claudia Zaslavsky’s classical study, updated with an
additional chapter on ethnomathematics in Africa (cf. #20, 199).
5.3 Other publications on the History of Mathematics by African
mathematicians
#284 Djebbar, Ahmed : La jolle histoire de l’algèbre, in: Science et Vie
Junior Special Math, Paris, December 1998 - February 1999, 34-47
#285 Boudine, Jean-Pierre et Djebbar, Ahmed : Omar Khayyam, le poète
des maths, in: Science et Vie Junior Special Math, Paris, December
1998 - February 1999, 42-43
Special issue of the popular journal “Science and Life - Junior” on
the history of algebra.
5.4 Publications on the History of Mathematics and the African
Diaspora
None were reported.
6. ANNOUNCEMENTS
* 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians (PACOM’2000)
The 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians (PACOM’2000) will
take place at the University of the Western Cape (UWC), Cape Town,
South Africa, from 24 to 31 January 2000. The general theme of the
congress is “Africa in the World Mathematical Year 2000 : Assessment
and promotion of mathematical education and research at the dawn of the
3rd millennium”. A special effort will be made by the AMU for
supporting some deserving young African mathematicians. Interested
mathematicians are requested to send their CV with the title and abstract
of their communication to the President of the AMU, Prof. A. Kerkour,
and a copy to the secretary-general of AMU, Prof. D. Sangaré.
The General Assembly of the African Mathematical Union (AMU) will be
held at the same place on January 23.
For more information on the programme of PACOM’2000, contact the
Chairman of the Local Organising Committee :
Prof. Jan Persens, Director of International Relations, University of
the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 South Africa
(Tel: +27-21-959-2884/3340; Fax: +27-21-9592655; E-mail:
jpersens@uwc.ac.za)
Mogege Mosimege and Paulus Gerdes will coordinate the session on
mathematics and culture / ethnomathematics / history of mathematics in
Africa. If you like to presen a paper in this session, please contact with
the coordinators.
* 10th Pan African Mathematics Olympiad (PAMO)
The 10th Pan African Mathematics Olympiad will take place at the
University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa from January
17 to 24, 2000, that is in the week preceding PACOM’2000. For more
information, contact the Chairperson of the AMU Commission on
Mathematical Olympiads :
Prof. Nouzha El Yacoubi, Department of Mathematics and
Informatics, Faculty of Science, P. O. Box 1014, Rabat, Morocco
[Fax : +212 7 77 30 44; E-mail : elyac-sb@fsr.ac.ma]
or the convener, Local Organising Committee :
Prof. John Webb., Department of Mathematics and Applied
Mathematics, University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South
Africa [Fax : +27 21 686 0476; E-mail : jhwebb@maths.uct.ac.za]
* Proceedings of the 3rd and 5th Maghrebian Colloquia on the
History of Arabic Mathematics
The Proceedings of the 3rd and 5th Maghrebian Colloquia on the History
of Arabic Mathematics have been published. Detailed information on the
contents will be given in issue 23 of the AMUCHMA-Newsletter :
* Actes du 3e Colloque maghrebin sur l’histoire des mathématiques
arabes, Alger, 1-3 Decembre 1990, Office des Publications
Universitaires, Alger, 1998, 280 pp.;
* Actes du 5e Colloque maghrebin sur l’histoire des mathématiques
arabes, Hammamet, 1-3 Decembre 1994, A.T.S.M. / Impression
IMPAK, Tunis, 1998, 357 pp.
* XXIst International Congress of History of Science (ICHS)
The XXIst International Congress of History of Science will take place in
Mexico City from the 8th to the 14th of July, 2001. The general topic
for this congress is “Science and Cultural Diversity”. “A limited number
of grants will be available for participants from selected regions in order
to assure the more possible participation of researchers from all parts of
the world”. For further information, please contact:
Prof. Juan José Saldaña, Chairman of the Organizing Committee of
the XXIst ICHS, Apartado Postal 21-873, C.P. 04000 México, D.F.,
Mexico (e-mail : xxiichs@servidor.unam.mx),
or visit the web-site of the International Union of History and Philosophy
of Science / Division of History of Science (IUHPS/DHS):
www.cilea.it/history/DHS
* New international journal “Board Games Studies”
“Board Games Studies is an academic journal for historical and systematic
research on board games, Its object is to provide a forum for board
games research from all academic disciplines in order to further the
understanding of the development and distribution of board games within
an interdisciplinary academic context. Articles are accepted in English,
French, and German”. The journal is published by the Research School
CNWS, Leiden University, Netherlands. For more information, contact
the managing editor Alex de Voogt.
The first issue (1998) contains a review (pp. 112-113) by Philip
Townshend of the book by Elisio Silva on mancala type games from
Angola (cf. AMUCHMA 18: #217). On p. 67, appear the following
references to papers by Philip Townshend on board games in Africa:
* Autour du jeu de Mankala, Zaire-Afrique, 105: 287-297, 1976;
* Les jeux de Makala du Zaire, du Rwanda et du Burundi, Cahiers du
CEDAF, Brussels, 3: 1-76, 1977;
* Mankala Games, Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent
Anthropological and Ethnological Research, 19: 47-54, 1977;
* The South West African game of Illhus in the wider context of
African Mankala, Journal of the South West African Scientific
Society, 31: 85-98, 1977;
* Mankala in Eastern and Southern Africa: a Distributional Analysis,
Azania, 14: 108-138, 1979;
* Bao (Mankala): The Swahili Ethic in African Idiom, Paideuma, 28:
175-191, 1982;
* Games in Culture: A Contextual Analysis of the Swahili Board Game
and its relevance to Variation in African Mankala, Ph.D. thesis,
University of Cambridge, 1986.
The following references to publications by Richard Pankhurst are
presented on page 67:
* Gabata and related Board-games of Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa,
Ethiopia Observer, 14(3): 154-206, 1971;
* Gabata and other Board-Games of Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa,
Azania, 17: 27-41, 1982.
The managing editor, Alex de Voogt, published two books on mancala
board games :
* Limits of the mind : towards a characterisation of Bao mastership,
Research School CNWS, Leiden (Netherlands), 1995, 169 p.
Ph. D. thesis in which the Bao game as played on the island
Zanzibar (Tanzania) is analysed (cf. # 276);
* Mancala board games, British Museum Press, London, 1997, 80 p.
The book looks briefly at the social and cultural context of the
game, but focuses mainly on the boards themselves. It also
contains a catalogue of the 105 boards (many from Africa) in the
British Museum’s collection.
7. ADDRESSES OF SCHOLARS, INSTITUTIONS AND
PUBLISHERS MENTIONED IN THIS NEWSLETTER
* Blyden, Eluemuno R. : President, Genetic Designs, Maine, USA [E-mail:
eblyden@khepera.com]
* CODESRIA (Council for the Development of Social Science Research in
Africa) : B.P. 3304, Dakar, Senegal (Fax : +221-241289; E-mail :
codesria@sonatel.senet.net)
* Draisma, Jan : Departamento de Matemática, Universidade Pedagógica,
C.P.2025, Beira, Mozambique (E-mail : draisma@upb.uem.mz,
draisma@zebra.uem.mz)
* Editora Dell’Erba : piazza Garibaldi 3, 50054 Fucecchio FI, Italy (Fax :
+571-242093, E-mail : EdErba@leonet.it)
* Folkerts, Menso : Institut für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften der
Univertsität München, Postfach, D-80306 München, Germany
* Gnanvo, Cyprien : Département de Mathématiques, Faculté des Sciences et
techniques, Université Nationale du Bénin, 04 BP 0440, Cotonou, Benin
16
* Houndonougbo, Victor: Directeur de l’Ecole normale intégrée de Parakou,
Parakou, Benin
* Hountondji, Paulin : Directeur, Centre Africain des Hautes Etudes, BP
1268, Cotonou, Benin (E-mail : hountond@syfed.bj.refer.org)
* Høyrup, Jens : Institute of Communication Research, Educational Research
and Theory of Science, Roskilde University, P.O.Box 260, DK-4000
Roskilde, Denmark (E-mail : jensh@frode.ruc.dk)
* Kerkour, Ahmed : President of the AMU, Zankat Ait Rkha, Dar Yamina -
Bir Kacem - Rabat, Morocco (E-mail : akerkour@mis.net.ma)
* Mathematical Association of America, P.O.Box 91112, Washington, D.C.
20090-1112, USA (Tel: 1-800-331-1622, +301-617-7800; Fax: +301-206-
9789; Webpage: www.maa.org/books)
* Mogari, David : Department of Mathematics and Science Education,
University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, 0950 Thohoyandou, South Africa
(E-mail : dmogari@caddy.univen.ac.za)
* Mosimege, David Mogege: Manager Indigenous Technologies CSIR,
Building 41, P.O.Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa (E-mail:
mmosimeg@csir.co.za)
* Mucavele, João : Departamento de Matemática, Universidade Pedagógica,
C.P.2025, Beira, Mozambique (E-mail : ....)
* Persens, Jan: Director of International Relations, University of the Western
Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 South Africa (Tel: +27-21-959-
2884/3340; Fax: +27-21-9592655; E-mail: jpersens@uwc.ac.za)
* Powell, Arthur: Academic Foundations Department, Rutgers University,
175 University Avenue, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA (Fax: 201- 648
5700; E-mail: abpowell@andromeda.rutgers.edu)
* Samso, Julio : Dep. Arabe, Facultad Filologia, Universidad Barcelona,
Gran Via 585, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
* Sangare, Daouda : Secretary-General AMU, 1409 Quartier de la Grande
delle, F-14200 Hérouville Saint Clair, France (Tel/Fax : +33 2 31 53 71
88; E-mail : daouda@math.unicaen.fr)
* Seepe, Sipho : Department of Mathematics and Science Education,
University of Venda, Private bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
* Soares, Daniel : Departamento de Matemática, Universidade Pedagógica,
C.P.2025, Beira, Mozambique (E-mail : upbeira@lemep.uem.mz)
* Souissi, Mohamed : 7 Rue de Teheran, 2000 Le Bardo, Tunis, Tunisia
* Tchitchi, Toussaint-Yaovi : Centre national de linguistique appliquée
(CENALA), Université Nationale du Bénin, Cotonou, Benin
* Voogt, Alex de: Board Games Studies, Onderzoekinstituut CNWS,
Rijksuniversiteit leiden, Postbus 9515, NL-2300 RA Leiden (Fax: +31 3554
30697; E-mail: boardgames@iname.com)
* Webb., John : Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics,
University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa [Fax : +27 21
686 0476; E-mail : jhwebb@maths.uct.ac.za]17
* Yacoubi, Nouzha El : Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Faculty
of Science, P. O. Box 1014, Rabat, Morocco [Fax : +212 7 77 30 44; E-
mail : elyac-sb@fsr.ac.ma]
* Zaslavsky, Claudia : 45 Fairview Av. #13-1, New York, NY 10040, USA
8. SUGGESTIONS
What are your suggestions for improving the AMUCHMA Newsletter?
What are your suggestions for other activities of AMUCHMA?
Send your suggestions, comments, information, questions and any other
contributions to the chairman or secretary of AMUCHMA.
Send articles, books and manuscripts for the AMUCHMA Documentation
Centre to the Chairman or Secretary.
9. DO YOU WANT TO RECEIVE THE NEXT AMUCHMA-
NEWSLETTER?
The AMUCHMA Newsletter, published in Arabic, English and French, is
available free of charge upon request.
Send requests to the Chairman
Paulus Gerdes: Universidade Pedagógica, C.P. 915, Maputo, Mozambique
(Fax: 258-1-422113; E-mail: pgerdes@virconn.com)
for the English version;
or to the Secretary
Ahmed Djebbar: Département de Mathématiques, Bâtiment 425,
Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France (Fax: 33-1-
47015917; E-mail: Ahmed.Djebbar@wanadoo.fr)
for the French and Arabic versions.
Readers who would like to receive the AMUCHMA Journal in Portuguese
should contact the chairman, C.P. 915, Maputo, Mozambique.
10. AMUCHMA-NEWSLETTER website
Thanks to Scott Williams, the English language edition of all issues of the
AMUCHMA Newsletter is also accessible on the following website:
http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/amuchma_online.html
The English version of AMUCHMA 22 is reproduced and distributed
17
* Yacoubi, Nouzha El : Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Faculty
of Science, P. O. Box 1014, Rabat, Morocco [Fax : +212 7 77 30 44; E-
mail : elyac-sb@fsr.ac.ma]
* Zaslavsky, Claudia : 45 Fairview Av. #13-1, New York, NY 10040, USA
8. SUGGESTIONS
What are your suggestions for improving the AMUCHMA Newsletter?
What are your suggestions for other activities of AMUCHMA?
Send your suggestions, comments, information, questions and any other
contributions to the chairman or secretary of AMUCHMA.
Send articles, books and manuscripts for the AMUCHMA Documentation
Centre to the Chairman or Secretary.
9. DO YOU WANT TO RECEIVE THE NEXT AMUCHMA-
NEWSLETTER?
The AMUCHMA Newsletter, published in Arabic, English and French, is
available free of charge upon request.
Send requests to the Chairman
Paulus Gerdes: Universidade Pedagógica, C.P. 915, Maputo, Mozambique
(Fax: 258-1-422113; E-mail: pgerdes@virconn.com)
for the English version;
or to the Secretary
Ahmed Djebbar: Département de Mathématiques, Bâtiment 425,
Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France (Fax: 33-1-
47015917; E-mail: Ahmed.Djebbar@wanadoo.fr)
for the French and Arabic versions.
Readers who would like to receive the AMUCHMA Journal in Portuguese
should contact the chairman, C.P. 915, Maputo, Mozambique.
10. AMUCHMA-NEWSLETTER website
Thanks to Scott Williams, the English language edition of all issues of the
AMUCHMA Newsletter is also accessible on the following website:
http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/amuchma_online.html
The English version of AMUCHMA 22 is reproduced and distributed
with financial support from SIDA-SAREC (Sweden)